The invention provides isolated invertebrate enzyme-encoding nucleic acids, and proteins encoded thereby, including lysine-ketoglutarate reductase/saccharopine dehydrogenase (LKR/SDH) and peptidyl-alpha-hydroxyglycine alpha-amidating lyase (PAL). The subject nucleic acid and protein can be used to genetically modify metazoan invertebrate organisms, such as insects and worms, or cultured cells, resulting in expression or mis-expression of a subject protein. The genetically modified organisms or cells can be used in screening assays to identify candidate compounds which are potential pesticidal agents or therapeutics that interact with a subject protein. They can also be used in methods for studying activity of a subject protein and identifying other genes that modulate the function of, or interact with, a subject gene.
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