Automated modular reactor for chemical synthesis, comprises double walled glass vessel and lid, with circulation of thermostatic liquid to minimize heat losses

摘要

A vessel (7) and cover (8) are made of glass and the cover is also double walled with the thermostatic liquid circulating in the external volume of the cover. The two double walls (of the vessel (9) and cover) are adjacent in plan at the joint between the two elements. Preferred Features: A vessel (7) has a double wall (9) enclosing an external volume for the circulation of a thermostatic liquid. The lid (8) for closing the vessel contains passages (19) in particular for the supply of reactants and the passage of measuring instruments, an agitator and distilled condensates from the reaction. At the bottom of the vessel there is an opening (45) with a drain valve. The upper edge of the vessel has a horizontal flange (7a) turned outwards and designed for the bottom edge of the cover to press on it with a polytetrafluoroethylene joint (12) interposed between the two elements. The double wall of the vessel contains an inlet (11) for the thermostatic liquid opening tangentially into the lower part and an outlet (10) opening tangentially in the upper part. This outlet is connected by a rapidly removable connector (15) to a tangential inlet (13) for the liquid in the cover. There is also an outlet (14) from the cover located high and on the opposite side to the inlet. The lid is fastened to the vessel using a rapidly closed union (18) which is conical, enclosing the ground glass of the vessel and cover. The drainage opening has an electro-pneumatic valve. The cover is fixed to the structure of the apparatus with the assembly of pipes for fluid circulation, the instruments and other systems, with assembly by joints and/or polytetrafluoroethylene hoses, while the vessel is fixed to a lifting mechanism allowing it to be moved along the axis of the cover for cleaning operations. The thermostatic liquid is supplied by a device containing a vessel of liquid connected to the circuit passing through the double walls and supplied with a means of heating, and a vessel of cooler liquid which can be introduced into the first vessel through a proportional valve if needed, to lower the temperature of the thermostatic fluid. The vessel of hot liquid is connected via an overflow to the vessel of cold liquid, and the volume of cold liquid is 3 to 4 times greater than that of the hot liquid, which is in turn twice the thermal equivalent in water of the reactor and the reacting mass.