OPERATIONAL PROCESS AND DESIGN OF THERMAL POWER PLANT WITH COMPLEX SYSTEM OF DEEP RECOVERY OF HEAT AND REDUCED AMOUNT OF HARMFUL EFFLUENTS INTO ATMOSPHERE

摘要

FIELD: boilers, industrial furnaces and heat generators burning gas, liquid and solid organic fuel. SUBSTANCE: design of thermal power plant with complex recovery system includes recuperative air heater, fan, contact air heater, thermal power unit, chemical reactor of SO₂ to SO₃, oxidation, screw supercharging machine, water economizer or steam generator, chemical reactor of NO to NO₂, oxidation, contact economizer, turbo expander or screw expanding machine, drier, recuperative gas heater and chimney stack placed in series along gas path. Heat accumulator divided into cold and hot parts is used in system to raise operational efficiency of contact air heater and economizer. Air heated and humidified in air heaters is fed by fan into furnace in amount needed for complete burning of fuel and this amount is controlled by combustion controller by content of CO in combustion products. From furnace gases go into reactor where SO₂ to SO₃ oxidation takes place by nitrose gas. Content of SO₂ in outgoing gases is regulated by controller. After reactor pressure of gases is increased in screw supercharging machine to raise density of gases, to diminish dimensions of water economizer or steam generator and contact economizer, to increase condensation temperature of water steam in contact economizer, to raise dissolubility of harmful gases in condensate and to increase elevation of flame above chimney stack. In reactor NO is oxidized to NO₂ ahead of contact economizer in presence of oxygen of air, then NO₂ is absorbed in this economizer together with SO₂ and SO₃. Later effluent gases are expanded, cooled and work in expanding machine and their work is transmitted to shaft of electric generator or screw supercharging machine. When gases come to drier they are whirled and water drops are separated from them, after it gases are heated in recuperative heat exchanger to prevent condensation of water steam on walls of gas conduits or chimney stack. Temperature of combustion products in mouth of chimney stack is adjusted by controller to temperature above dew point. Neutralization of formed acids by aqueous solution of ammonia to prevent corrosion of pipe-lines and equipment as well as reduction of reagents and recovery of condensate are provided in system. EFFECT: increased functional efficiency of process and plant. 39 cl, 5 dwg