The fluids to be studied are placed in a chamber (13) of variable volume delimited by a piston (5) which is displacable by hydraulic means (24) within the cavity of a body (1). Behind a transparent window (8) closing the end of the chamber opposite the piston, an endoscope (18) is placed for viewing the chamber interior and, in particular, the openings of two diametrically opposite ducts (14, 15) which link the enclosure to the exterior. The body (1) can pivot about an axis (26), thereby enabling a given stratified multiphase fluid phase to be balanced and sampled, by having the opening of one of the ducts (14, 15) placed within the phase. A pressure sensor (18) is incorporated into the wall itself of the piston so as to reduce virtually any of the lost volume capable of distorting the measurements. A single body can contain two enclosures arranged side by side, at least one having a transparent wall. The device of the invention is for studying fluids, especially petroleum fluids.
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