Process and installation for processing the medicinal and aromatic plants

摘要

The invention relates to a process and an installation for processing the vegetal raw material.The process, according to the invention, includes chopping and granulation of the vegetal raw material, optional steam distillation thereof and drying, stage solvent extraction with recirculation by pumping and atomization in the conditions of pulsations of the extract obtained at each stage above the vegetal raw material of the previous stage, extract separation from the solvent by molecular filtration, concentration thereof, distillation and drying of the remainder vegetal raw material with the air with decreasing temperature, the extraction including at least 3 stages and being carried out with consequent and parallel use of different solvents within each stage, and in the extraction process the vegetal raw material is subjected to an intensive mixing during the atomization and periodical submersion into the solvent layer, followed by the solvent subsequent discharge.The installation for realization of the process includes an impurity separator, a loading hopper, a conveyer meter, a mill, a disintegrator and granulator of the vegetal raw material, an extractor consisting of at least three superposed compartments, each provided with a rotor with extraction chambers and perforated bottom, under which there are placed extract collection chambers, the rotor being fixed with the possibility of rotating about its own axis and of displacing by means of rollers onto a sinusoidal cylindrical band, fixed onto the body of each extractor's compartment, inside the rotor's chambers there are mounted shafts, provided with perforated buckets, fixed with the possibility of rotation by means of gear-wheels, mounted with the possibility of movement onto a mobile cylindrical gear-band, fixed from the outside of the rotor by means of axles with the possibility of vertical movement, each chamber of the rotor has the bottom of semitronconic form, with inclination to the periphery, consisting of 2 parts, the outer part being mobile, as well as a rotor rotating mechanism, pumps, reservoirs, molecular filters, provided with manometers and rotameters, a separator, a condenser and a discharge conveyer.The result consists in intensifying and increasing the level of substance extraction from the vegetal raw material.