The present invention relates to an intrusion detection system using a Michelson interference structure of light, and in particular, a light source for generating light using a short wavelength vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) and transmitting the light through an optical fiber; A light splitter melt-bonded with the optical fiber of the light source to distribute the light generated from the light source and to combine the returned lights; Two optical paths having the same length are installed at the boundary of the surveillance region, and are melt-bonded with the optical splitter to transmit the light distributed from the optical splitter through the path and return the light to the optical splitter. A detector for transmitting; Reflection means attached to the optical fibers of the sensing unit to reflect the light; A photo detector which detects light reflected from the reflecting means and combined in the light splitter and converts the light into an electrical signal; And a signal processor configured to analyze the electrical signal output from the photo detector to determine whether an invasion occurs, and to transmit an alarm informing of the intrusion through wired or wireless. Therefore, according to the present invention as described above, the light source can be implemented at low cost, and the processing cost of the optical signal can be greatly reduced, and since the interferometer structure having two arms is used, the sensing area that one system can cover is greatly expanded. All electronic circuits can be installed in the central control office, so they can be easily applied to daily life due to the advantages of securing stability and easy maintenance.For example, they are buried in ginseng fields, pine plants, factories, etc. It can be installed and act as a ground or fence detector.
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