continuous process of manufacturing ethyl esters (biodiesel) in two separate reactions at low temperature and pressure

摘要

CONTINUOUS PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING ETHYL ESTERS (BIODIESEL) IN TWO SEPARATE LOW TEMPERATURE REACTIONS. Refers to an industrial manufacturing process of ethyl esters (biodiesel) in two separate reactions by hydrolysis of vegetable oil triesters at approximately 60 ° C and atmospheric pressure and further esterification with hydrated ethanol in two separate columns. filled with mixed calcium and magnesium oxide gravel (CaO.MgO) in the dimension of 1/15 of the column diameter as a heterogeneous catalyst, a process called DUOBIO. The 1: 1 emulsified mixture of vegetable oil and water at a temperature of 60 ° C is distributed at the top of the first column and drips down the catalyst down the column and hydrolyzes the component fatty acid melecules in the triester and separates them from the tri-alcohol (glycerol). C ~ 3 ~ H ~ 5 ~ (OH) ~ 3 ~) that collected at the base of the column are separated by density difference. The fatty acids are mixed with 1: 2 hydrated ethanol and distributed on top of the second column filled with calcium oxide gravel (CaO.MgO) as a heterogeneous catalyst in stones up to 10 mm, also in the size of 1 / 15 of the diameter of the column and flows through the catalyst to the base of the column where the ethyl monoester (biodiesel) dissolved in excess ethanol and process water are separated by density. The ethyl ester solution and excess ethanol are subjected to fractional distillation, the hydrated ethanol being recovered and the ethanol-free ethyl ester being obtained.