Process for preparing sorbent, the sorbent per se and its use for immobilization of heavy metals in polluted aqueous or solid phase

摘要

In the present invention, there is disclosed a process for preparing a preparation (sorbent) for removal from and immobilization of heavy metal cations and phosphates in polluted solid or liquid phase as a composite, grainy material being comprised of a carried component of the type of natural shale and/or waste from coal treatment process, an effective immobilization component of the type of heat modified dolomites with high content of MgO.CaCOi3 and cementing binder, preferably cement, in mutual ratio (1.3 to 4.3) : (1.0 to 1.3) : (1.0 to 1.5). Substantially, by addition of gauging water with coefficient ranging from 1.25 to 2.0 to such prepared mixture, a mass is formed of cementing consistence, which is let to set and harden for a period of 3 to 7 days. Then the hard substance is crushed and the obtained crushed material is sorted to various fractions of predefined particle sizes, preferably (1.0 to 3.0), (0.0 to 1.0) and (below 0.3) mm. The use of such sorbent for cleaning polluted solid or liquid phase is determined by selection of the applied fraction of the granular sorbent that is used either as a charge material of filters for cleaning polluted liquid phase in dynamic environment, as addition in settling tanks containing a liquid phase in static environment, or as admixture in the form of a powder to immobilize heavy metals in a solid phase.