Device for treating at least one hydrocarbon fraction by distillation has hydrocarbon distributed into distillation column using pierced tube between two distillation plates

摘要

A distributor (2) has at least one injector with an axis (Y'Y) perpendicular to that of the column (X'X). The injector is a hollow tube with one end in contact with the inlet and the other end blocked. Many orifices pierce the injector wall along two distinct longitudinal axes parallel to the axis (Y'Y). The axes are preferably opposite each other and in a plane perpendicular to the X'X axis. The device has at least one distillation column (10) with at least eight distillation plates (31,...38). The distillation column has an inlet (4a, 2) for the hydrocarbon mixture and at least two outlets (5, 6) to receive respectively a light and a heavy fraction. The orifices in the injector are placed relative to each other so they distribute the product over a surface perpendicular to the axis of the distillation column and are preferably equally spaced and symmetrical on each side of the injector on the two axes. Each orifice is at an oblique angle of between 0 and 65[deg], preferably between 0 and 50[deg], and optimally between 0 and 40[deg] relative to an axis (Z'Z) perpendicular to the (X'X) and (Y'Y) axes. Each orifice is cylindrical or conical and regular or otherwise, preferably cylindrical and regular. The injector is in a cross section of the column which includes the (X'X) axis of the column. The device includes at least one means of blocking at least one orifice. The device also includes means of separating water from hydrocarbons, placed upstream of the distillation column. An independent claim is included for the use of the device to treat a hydrocarbon fraction containing not more than 10% water and more than 80% 1-25C hydrocarbons by weight, the distillation being carried out at 140-200[deg]C, 0.10-0.12 MPa and in the presence of water vapor. The process produces a heavy fraction with a Luchaire clearing point of NF T 60-103 in a temperature range of 50-140[deg]C, preferably 60-140[deg]C. The process includes decanting a mixture of water and hydrocarbons with from 10-95% water by weight to supply a hydrocarbon fraction to the above process with no more than 10% water by weight.