METHOD OF PRODUCTION OF THE DEFECTED CRYSTALS BASED ON THE METAL HALIDES SOLID SOLUTIONS

摘要

FIELD: chemical industry; methods of the synthesis of the defected crystals.;SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the field of the synthesis of the real crystals, i.e. the crystals with defects and based on the metals halides solid solutions. The method may be applied in production of the homogeneous multicomponent charge for the crystals growing from the melt, the gas phase, the water solutions, as well as at hydrothermal conditions. The substance of the invention consists that the multicomponent charge is prepared in the form of the single-phase solid solutions by non-mechanical mixing, at which it is impossible to gain one homogeneous phase of the solid solution even at repeated remelting, but only by the synthesis from the water solutions of the hydrochloric acid with usage of the certain modes. For this purpose they take the individual halides of the following metals - TlCl, TlBr, TlI, AgCl, AgBr, AgI in the quantities corresponding to their contents in the solid solution - AgCl_xBr_l-x, AgCl_xBr_yI_l-x-y, KRS-5, KRS-6 and dissolve in 5-6 M (mol/l) hydrochloric acid at the temperature of 95-100°C. After saturation the solutions are cooled to 50-60°C with the cooling speed of 4-5°C per hour, iterating the pointed cycle from three up to five times. The crystals of the solid solutions on the basis of the halides of the metals, i.e. the crystals with defects in comparison with the crystals on the basis of the individual halides of the metals possess the heightened optical-mechanical properties: the expanded range of the transparency, the increased mechanical strength, the heightened radiation and ray stability. The pointed properties additionally may be improved, can be refined and, besides, it is possible to give the crystals new properties, for example, the scintillation properties, introducing thallium halides into the solid solutions ofAgCl_xBr_yI_l-x-y andAgCl_xBr_1-x.;EFFECT: the invention ensures production of the crystals with defects possessing the expanded range of the transparency, the increased mechanical strength, the heightened radiation and ray stability.;3 cl, 5 ex