CNC machine tool and integrated machine tool controller incorporating 3D and up to 8-axes real time interactive tool compensation

摘要

A CNC machine tool deflection compensation system integrated in a CNC machine tool Controller for providing continuous, accurate, real-time compensation for unintended and/or undesired X, Y and/or Z-axis coordinate deflections from a preprogrammed path of tool movement in an X, Y-axis coordinate plane, and methods for carrying out same, so as to ensure that the tool remains precisely on its programmed path irrespective of such deflections. Such undesirable deflections result inherently from, for example: i) changes in tool dimensions; ii) changes in the acute included angle α of the tool between its axis and the initial vertical Z-axis coordinate; iii) changes in the rotational angle β of the tool about the Z-axis coordinate; and/or iv), the location of the tool in the X,Y coordinate plane. The CNC Controller is capable of continuously detecting, in real time, the presence, magnitude and rate of change of such undesired X, Y and/or Z deflections and simultaneously generating instructions to initiate equal and opposite X, Y and/or Z deflections at the same rate of change, thereby ensuring that the tool remains on its preprogrammed path of movement at all times irrespective of the inherently occurring undesired deflections and/or the precipitating cause(s) thereof. The algorithms employed provide for automatic gouge avoidance protection and/or relocation of the tool to safe positions when necessary. All of the foregoing features are built into the CNC Controller at the outset, thus obviating the need for intervention by a computer programmer during a machining operation.