PNEUMATIC ACCUMULATION OF ENERGY OF SMALL HYDRAULIC POWER-PLANT SOURCES ON THE BASE OF SMALL HYDROACCUMULATIONS

摘要

Pneumatic accumulation of energy of small hydraulic power-plant sources on the base of small hydro accumulations, emerged with a view of future shortages of all types of energy for the purpose of making the use of energy available in all shortages and all types of energy, to provide use and accumulation (storing) of one large, up to now unused alternative energy, and those are small sources of water, small rivers and streams positioned at certain heights, which run with small or large intensity all the year round, or even with permanent breaks and emerge only during the periods of heavy rains in the form of heavy torrents from very high tops in hilly areas.Accumulation of those energies /hydraulic energies/ up to now has been possible by building up relatively large and hence expensive hydro accumulations. Besides the high prices of the costs of building construction and maintenance, there are many hilly but stony areas where building up a heavy power plant accumulation is neither possible nor reasonable. This solution outcomes such difficulties, and hydro energy transforms energy of compressed air which may be accumulated or even stored so as to be available for utilization at any present or future time. Installation is as a whole the same as with building nowadays small hydraulic power-plants, with the difference that there exists a novelty in the construction of an automatic valve 4 which is from a small pool 2, and it can be below 10 m of periodically mechanical and automatic opening for water and turbine 9 at the moment when the pool is filled and it closes, the valve of the water 4, when the pool 2 is empty, and then there comes about the new filling up emptying and in such a way as long as water from the source /stream/ runs periodically. As distinguished from mini hydraulic power-plant only a current generator is replaced with one particular type of multi piston compressor 10. Loaded valve 11 is adjusted so that it creates by means of air maximal loading of a turbine 9 so as to have maximum use of energy and to store the energy in the chambers d, e, f and at the end g. Automatic opening and even firm locking of the valve 4 is inventive and achieved by using a permanent magnet 6 with a toppling lever 5 which automatically opens or closes the water flow.;Pneumatsko akumuliranje energije malih hidroenergetskih izvora na bazi mini-hidroakumulacija, nastalo je sa ciljem da se u buduim oskudicama svih vidova energije omogui iskoriavanje i akumuliranje /skladitenja/ jedne velike do sada neiskoriene alternativne energije, a to su mali izvori vode male rijeke i potoci koji se nalaze na izvjesnim visinama, a teku manjim ili veim intezitetom tokom godine, ili ak sa stalnim prekidima i javljaju se samo u periodima jaih kia u obliku jakih bujica sa veih visina u brdovitim krajevima. Akumulacije takvih energija /hidroenergija/ do sada je bilo mogue izgradnjom relativno velikih i time skupih hidroakumulacija. Pored visokih cijena kotanja izgradnje i odravanja mnogo je brdovitih ali kamenitih podruja gdje je veliku akumulaciju ak i nemogue i neracionalno graditi. Ovo reenje prevazilazi takve probleme, pa se hidroenergija transformie u energiju komprimiranog vazduha koja se moe akumulirati i ak skladititi da bi se troila u bilo kojem sadanjem ili buduem vremenu. Instalacija u cijelini je ista kao to se grade danas mini-hidrocentrale, sa razlikom to postoji novina u konstrukciji automatskog ventila 4 koji iz bazena 2 malog i moe i ispod 10 m periodino mehaniki i automatski otvara vodu za turbinu 9 u momentu kada se bazen napuni i zatvara ventil vode 4 kada se bazen 2 isprazni, a tada nastaje novo punjenje-pranjenje i tako sve periodino dok voda iz izvora /potoka/ dotie. Za razliku od minihidrocentrale samo je generator struje zamijenjen jednim posebnim tipom vieklipnog kompresora 10. Opteretni ventil 11 je podeen tako da stvara vazduhom maksimalno mogue optereenje turbine 9 da bi se energija maksimalno iskoristila i uskladitila u komorama d, e, f, i na kraju g. Automatsko otvaranje i ak jako zabravljivanje ventila 4 inventivno je izvedeno korienjem permagnetnog magneta 6 sa prekretnom polugom 5 koja automatski otvara ili zatvara protok vode.