Process and reactor for anaerobic treatment of wastewater by means of an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (= UASB), in which a biomass present as sludge or pellet slurry is agitated in a circulation. The fraction of recirculated to entire biomass in the reactor per day is greater than 0.1d/1, in particular greater than 2d/1, and particularly preferably greater than 10d/. The reactor comprises a reactor tank (1), lines (22-26), a wastewater mixer (2), a first and at least one further separator (33, 35) for flotation-separating reactor water (7), biomass (8) and biogas (9), the second separator being arranged vertically over the first separator, and one or more mixers (5) for mixing biomass (8) and biogas (9) and a gas separator (6) for separating biomass (8) and biogas (9).
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