A high precision machine tool is provided for achieving precise cutting and grinding by substituting a motor shaft with a spindle to get a simpler structure of the machine tool with removing a coupling member and to eliminate possible causes of errors. The high precision machine tool is provided to attach a vacuum chuck to the front end of the replaced spindle easily by forming a vacuum suction passageway in the spindle. Suction ports in the vacuum chuck allow a workpiece to be fixed to a chuck by the vacuum pressure without damaging outer surface of the workpiece. Furthermore, cutting depth is adjustable since a tool holder clamping a tool is able to rotate horizontally, and cutting angle is adjustable since vertical angle of a tool bit is adjustable. A high precision machine tool includes: a main body(1) having a first upper chamber(101), a second upper chamber(102), and a lower chamber(103); a spindle(40) having a passageway in the spindle for a vacuum suction line and a rotator on the outer surface of the spindle; a vacuum chuck(9) adhered to an end of the spindle stuck out to the second upper compartment to clamp a workpiece; an apparatus(67) installed in the lower compartment to create vacuum for holding the vacuum chuck and the workpiece through the passageway formed in the spindle; a slider installed in the second upper chamber movable back and forth by a transfer device(5); and a tool holder(3) on the slider to clamp a tool(100).
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