Multilayer construction elements, its manufacturing method and method of making double-wall construction

摘要

1. multilayer structural component containing;the first metal layer, a first inner surface and the first outer surface.;the second metal layer, a second inner surface and the second outer surface, and a second metal layer is located on a u0440u0430u0441u0441u0442u043e u00a0u043du0438u0438 from the first metal u0441u043bu043eu00a0; and;an intermediate layer, which u0437u0430u043fu043eu043bu043du00a0u0435u0442 space between the first and second metal u0441u043bu043eu00a0u043cu0438, the intermediate layer contains u0442u0435u0440u043cu043eu0440u0435u0430u043au0442u0438u0432u043du044bu0439 plastic to u0442u043eu0440u044bu0439 u0437u0430u043bu0438u0432u0430u0435u0442u0441u00a0 on site, and reliably u0441u0432u00a0u0437u044bu0432u0430u0435u0442 first and second internal surfaces of the first and second metal layers to withstand operating n u0430u0433u0440u0443u0437u043au0438,with the plastic has the elastic modulus in the curve in the range of from 2 to 104 mpa.;2. multilayer structural element for 1, in which the plastic u043fu0440u0435u0434u0441u0442u0430u0432u043bu00a0u0435u0442 an elastomer.;3. multilayer structural element in 2, in which a polyurethane elastomer u043fu0440u0435u0434u0441u0442u0430u0432u043bu00a0u0435u0442.;4. multilayer structural element for 1, in which each of the first and second metal layers has a thickness in the range from 6 to 25 mm.;5. multilayer structural component on any of the u043fu043f.1 - 3, in which the plastic has a shore hardness in the range of 70u0430 to 80D.;6. multilayer structural component on any of the u043fu043f.1 - 3, in which the plastic has the elongation in the range of 100 to 800%.;7. multilayer structural component on any of the u043fu043f.1 - 3, in which the plastic has a tensile strength in the u0440u0430u0441u0442u00a0u0436u0435u043du0438u0438 ranging from 20 to 55 mpa.;8. multilayer structural element for 1, in which the first and second metal layers are made of steel.;9. the ship or vessel, comprising u0441u0435u0431u00a0 layered structural component on any of the u043fu043f.1 - 8.;10. the ship or vessel has a body containing a multilayer structural component on any of the u043fu043f.1 - 8.;11. method u0438u0437u0433u043eu0442u043eu0432u043bu0435u043du0438u00a0 structural laminated element, including:;placement of the first metal and the second metal u0441u043bu043eu00a0 u0441u043bu043eu00a0 at some u0440u0430u0441u0441u0442u043eu00a0u043du0438u0438 from each other in such a manner that between the addressed to each other u0432u0435u0440u0445u043du043eu0441u0442u00a0u043cu0438 first and second metal layers, a cavity u0434u043bu00a0 u0437u0430u043fu043eu043bu043du0438u0442u0435u043bu00a0;;an u043du0435u043eu0442u0432u0435u0440u0436u0434u0435u043du043du043eu0433u043e u0442u0435u0440u043cu043eu0440u0435u0430u043au0442u0438u0432u043du043eu0433u043e plastic into the cavity u0434u043bu00a0 u0437u0430u043fu043eu043bu043du0438u0442u0435u043bu00a0 u0434u043bu00a0 her u0437u0430u043fu043eu043bu043du0435u043du0438u00a0; and;the curing u043du0435u043eu0442u0432u0435u0440u0436u0434u0435u043du043du043eu0433u043e u0442u0435u0440u043cu043eu0440u0435u0430u043au0442u0438u0432u043du043eu0433u043e plastic in such a manner that it is u0441u0432u00a0u0437u044bu0432u0430u043b facing to each other of the first and second u043cu0435u0442u0430u043bu043bu0438u0447u0435u0441 u043au0438u0445 layers u0434u043bu00a0 u0432u044bu0434u0435u0440u0436u0438u0432u0430u043du0438u00a0 operating loads;with the plastic has the elastic modulus in the curve in the range of from 2 to 104 mpa.;12. method for p.11, in which one of the first and second metal sheets is tailored u0434u043bu00a0 welding part, and the part u043fu0440u0438u0441u043fu043eu0441u043eu0431u043bu0435u043du043du0430u00a0 u0434u043bu00a0 welding to form the u0433u0440u0430u043du0438u0447u043d precinct u0434u043bu00a0 u0432u044bu043fu043eu043bu043du0435u043du0438u00a0 welding part cavity u0434u043bu00a0 u0437u0430u043fu043eu043bu043du0438u0442u0435u043bu00a0 adjacent to part adapted u0434u043bu00a0 welding, and the operation of the u043du0435u043eu0442u0432u0435u0440u0436u0434u0435u043du043du043eu0433u043e plastics at u043bu043eu0441u0442u044c u0434u043bu00a0 u0437u0430u043fu043eu043bu043du0438u0442u0435u043bu00a0 u0432u044bu043fu043eu043bu043du00a0u044eu0442 thusthe bounded area u0434u043bu00a0 u0432u044bu043fu043eu043bu043du0435u043du0438u00a0 welding u043eu043au0430u0437u044bu0432u0430u0435u0442u0441u00a0 free of plastic.;13. way on p.12, in which part u043fu0440u0438u0441u043fu043eu0441u043eu0431u043bu0435u043du043du0430u00a0 u0434u043bu00a0 welding, u043fu0440u0435u0434u0441u0442u0430u0432u043bu00a0u0435u0442 a peripheral edge.;14. method for the p.11, further comprising an operation u0432u044bu043fu043eu043bu043du0435u043du0438u00a0 u043eu0442u0432u0435u0440u0441u0442u0438u00a0 through thickness of one of the metal layers, the first or the second and u043du0435u043eu0442u0432u0435u0440u0436u0434u0435u043du043du044bu0439 p the eraser is in the cavity u0434u043bu00a0 u0437u0430u043fu043eu043bu043du0438u0442u0435u043bu00a0 through this hole.;15. a way to question 14, further comprising a pressurized u0437u0430u043au0440u044bu0432u0430u043du0438u00a0 u043eu0442u0432u0435u0440u0441u0442u0438u00a0 operation.;16. method for hermetically closing p.15, in which a metal plug.;17. way on p.16, in which hole and plug are made with u0441u043eu043fu0440u00a0u0436u0435u043du043du043eu0439 carving.;18. way on any of the u043fu043f.11 - 17 in which the placement of u043eu0441u0443u0449u0435u0441u0442u0432u043bu00a0u044eu0442 by installing u0440u0430u0441u043fu043eu0440u043du043eu0433u043e element between the first metal layer and the second u043cu0435u0442u0430u043bu043bu0438u0447u0435u0441u043a they layer.;19. way on p.18, further comprising an operation u043au0440u0435u043fu043bu0435u043du0438u00a0 u0440u0430u0441u043fu043eu0440u043du043eu0433u043e element to one of the metal layers, the first or the second.;20. method for the operation u043au0440u0435u043fu043bu0435u043du0438u00a0 p.19, further comprising u0440u0430u0441u043fu043eu0440u043du043eu0433u043e element to another layer of the first and second metal layers.;21. way on p.19 or 20, in which u0440u0430u0441u043fu043eu0440u043du044bu0439 element u043au0440u0435u043fu00a0u0442 through welding.;22. way on p.19 or 20, in which u0440u0430u0441u043fu043eu0440u043du044bu0439 element u043au0440u0435u043fu00a0u0442 by u043fu0440u0438u043au043bu0435u0438u0432u0430u043du0438u00a0.;23. way on p.18, which u0440u0430u0441u043fu043eu0440u043du044bu0439 element made of metal.;24. way on p.18, which u0440u0430u0441u043fu043eu0440u043du044bu0439 element made of plastic.;25. way on any of the u043fu043f.11 - 13, in which the cavity u0434u043bu00a0 u0437u0430u043fu043eu043bu043du0438u0442u0435u043bu00a0 has an open end, and u043du0435u043eu0442u0432u0435u0440u0436u0434u0435u043du043du044bu0439 plastic serves to u0434u043bu00a0 u0437u0430u043fu043eu043bu043du0438u0442u0435u043bu00a0 cavity through the open end.;26. method u0438u0437u0433u043eu0442u043eu0432u043bu0435u043du0438u00a0 design with double walls, including:;education internal wall by u0440u0430u0437u043cu0435u0449u0435u043du0438u00a0 first metal u0441u043bu043eu00a0 at some u0440u0430u0441u0441u0442u043eu00a0u043du0438u0438 from the second metal u0441u043bu043eu00a0 so that between the u0449u0435u043du043du044bu043cu0438 to each other u043fu043eu0432u0435u0440u0445u043du043eu0441u0442u00a0u043cu0438 first and second metal layers u043eu0431u0440u0430u0437u0443u0435u0442u0441u00a0 cavity u0434u043bu00a0 u0437u0430u043fu043eu043bu043du0438u0442u0435u043bu00a0;;the outer wall u0440u0430u0437u043cu0435u0449u0435u043du0438u00a0 education through the third metal u0441u043bu043eu00a0 at some u0440u0430u0441u0441u0442u043eu00a0u043du0438u0438 from the fourth metal u0441u043bu043eu00a0 so that between the ilb. u0430u0449u0435u043du043du044bu043cu0438 to each other u043fu043eu0432u0435u0440u0445u043du043eu0441u0442u00a0u043cu0438 third and fourth metal layers u043eu0431u0440u0430u0437u0443u0435u0442u0441u00a0 cavity u0434u043bu00a0 u0437u0430u043fu043eu043bu043du0438u0442u0435u043bu00a0;;keeping the inner wall in a position in which it u043du0430u0445u043eu0434u0438u0442u0441u00a0 u0440u00a0u0434u043eu043c with the outer wall and is removed at a u0440u0430u0441u0441u0442u043eu00a0u043du0438u0435 from second walls, so that between the u0442u043eu0440u044bu043c metal layer and the third metal layer of the internal wall of the external wall of the cavity u043eu0431u0440u0430u0437u0443u0435u0442u0441u00a0 u0434u043bu00a0 access;;an u043du0435u043eu0442u0432u0435u0440u0436u0434u0435u043du043du043eu0433u043e plastic in the cavity u0434u043bu00a0 u0437u0430u043fu043eu043bu043du0438u0442u0435u043bu00a0 inner wall through the hole in the second metal layer of the inner wall, with the u043eu0442u0432u0435u0440 u0441u0442u0438u0435 provides u0441u043eu043eu0431u0449u0435u043du0438u00a0 between complete u0434u043bu00a0 access structure with double walls and a complete u0434u043bu00a0 u0437u0430u043fu043eu043bu043du0438u0442u0435u043bu00a0 internal wall;;an u043du0435u043eu0442u0432u0435u0440u0436u0434u0435u043du043du043eu0433u043e plastic in the cavity u0434u043bu00a0 u0437u0430u043fu043eu043bu043du0438u0442u0435u043bu00a0 outer wall, through a hole in the third metal layer of the outer wall, with the aperture of the u0435u0441u043fu0435u0447u0438u0432u0430u0435u0442 opportunity u0441u043eu043eu0431u0449u0435u043du0438u00a0 between complete u0434u043bu00a0 access structure with double walls and a complete u0434u043bu00a0 u0437u0430u043fu043eu043bu043du0438u0442u0435u043bu00a0 external wall;;the curing u043du0435u043eu0442u0432u0435u0440u0436u0434u0435u043du043du043eu0433u043e plastic in such a manner that the plastic u0441u0432u00a0u0437u044bu0432u0430u0435u0442 facing to each other of the first and second metal layers of the internal the walls to withstand the operating load, and;the curing u043du0435u043eu0442u0432u0435u0440u0436u0434u0435u043du043du0440u0433u043e plastic in such a manner that the plastic u0441u0432u00a0u0437u044bu0432u0430u0435u0442 facing to each other u043fu043eu0432u0435u0440u0445u043du043eu0441u0442u00a0u043c third and fourth metal layers on the surface "the wall to withstand the operating load;with the plastic has the elastic modulus in the curve in the range of from 2 to 104 mpa.;27. way on p.26, in which one and the same plastic use u0434u043bu00a0 u0437u0430u043fu043eu043bu043du0435u043du0438u00a0 cavities u0434u043bu00a0 u0437u0430u043fu043eu043bu043du0438u0442u0435u043bu00a0 internal and external walls.;28. method for the operation u0437u0430u043au0440u044bu0432u0430u043du0438u00a0 p.26, further comprising a pressurized u043eu0442u0432u0435u0440u0441u0442u0438u00a0.;29. method for hermetically closing p.28, in which a metal plug.;30. method for p.29, in which hole and plug are made with u0441u043eu043fu0440u00a0u0436u0435u043du043du043eu0439 carving.;31. way on any of the u043fu043f.26 - 30, in which the location of u043eu0441u0443u0449u0435u0441u0442u0432u043bu00a0u044eu0442 by installing u0440u0430u0441u043fu043eu0440u043du043eu0433u043e element between the first metal layer and the second u043cu0435u0442u0430u043bu043bu0438u0447u0435u0441u043a they layer.;32. method for the operation u043au0440u0435u043fu043bu0435u043du0438u00a0 p.31, further comprising u0440u0430u0441u043fu043eu0440u043du043eu0433u043e element to one of the metal layers, the first or the second.;33. method for the p.32, further comprising an operation u043au0440u0435u043fu043bu0435u043du0438u00a0 u0440u0430u0441u043fu043eu0440u043du043eu0433u043e element to another of the first and second metal layers.;34. method for the p.32 or 33, in which u0440u0430u0441u043fu043eu0440u043du044bu0439 element u043au0440u0435u043fu00a0u0442 through welding.;35. method for the p.32 or 33, in which u0440u0430u0441u043fu043eu0440u043du044bu0439 element u043au0440u0435u043fu00a0u0442 by u043fu0440u0438u043au043bu0435u0438u0432u0430u043du0438u00a0.;36. way on any of the p.31, which u0440u0430u0441u043fu043eu0440u043du044bu0439 element made of metal.;37. way on any of the p.31, which u0440u0430u0441u043fu043eu0440u043du044bu0439 element made of plastic.