The invention relates to a locking system in rotation and in translation of the cooperation of a first shaft (2) with a second shaft (3), said first shaft being disposed in an axial bore (4) of said second shaft, said system comprising a locking device (5) movable between a locking position and an unlocking position, the first shaft (2) having an end portion (21) comprising two inclined walls (22) towards each other in a direction transverse, the axial bore (4) comprising two corresponding walls (23) facing them, the passage in the locking position of the locking device (5) causing a transverse displacement of the end portion (21) so as to placing the inclined walls (22) bearing against the corresponding walls (23) of the axial bore (4).
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