A PROSESS FOR PREPARING A GRANULAR SUPER NUCLEOPHILIC 4-SUBSTITUTED PYRIDINE CATALYST

摘要

Described are preferred processes for producing extrusion-granulated supernucleophilic 4-amino-substituted pyridine catalysts, and granular products obtainable therefrom. Also described are preferred activation-substitution-deactivation processes for producing 4-aminopyridine compounds, which involve the use of acrylic acid or acrylamide or analogs thereof for activation, and substitution steps conducted under mild basic conditions in an excess of the amine reagent for 4-substitution. Such processes provide improved reacted masses which are more readily processed to recover the products in pure, heat-stable form. Further, described are processes for preparing 4-substituted-pyridines via pyridine betaines.