METHOD FOR ATOMIZATION OF FUEL IN COMBUSTION CHAMBER AND COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH BREAKDOWN OF FUEL-AIR CHARGE AND WITH FORCED IGNITION AT DIRECT INJECTION OF FUEL

摘要

The invention relates to machine-building, in particular to engine building (internal combustion engines with forced ignition and direct injection of fuel), to methods for organization of processes of atomization of fuel and burning, and to distribution of fuel-air mixture in cylinder of engine in layers. A method of atomization of fuel in combustion chamber with breakdown of fuel charge and with direct injection of fuel and forced ignition from spark plug with electrodes between which there is inter-electrode gap includes injection of fuel as cone-like jet to filled with air combustion chamber at compression stroke, fuel sputtering on surface of combustion chamber that is placed in cylinder head and organization of motion of air charge. Injection and atomization of fuel is performed in such way that one forms fuel cone-like jet that consists of body of jet as cone with excess air factor .and cone-like cavity in the jet body with excess air factor .. Fuel cone-like jet is directed in such way that inter-electrode gap of spark plug is in cone-like cavity of jet, and motion of air charge is directed uniformly at all the sides along surface of combustion chamber to electrodes of spark plug. A combustion engine with breakdown of fuel-air charge and with forced ignition at direct injection of fuel has cylinder, cylinder head, piston with bottom that forms with cylinder head combustion chamber that is placed symmetrically with respect to the cylinder axis, and displacing piston. Inner surfaces of cylinder head are concave surfaces and form surface of displacing piston that is parallel to the bottom of the piston and surface of combustion chamber that are separated with mouth, spark plug with electrodes between which there is inter-electrode gap, fuel nozzle with atomizer installed in side wall of cylinder. Fuel nozzle is arranged with possibility of formation of fuel cone-like jet that consists of body of jet as cone restricted with its generatrix and outer aperture angle , and cone-like cavity in body of jet restricted with its generatrix and inner aperture angle , at that the nozzle is installed in such a way that inter-electrode gap of spark plug is in cone-like cavity of the jet.