Process for the preparation of tertiary amines from nitriles and primary animas.

摘要

A process for preparing at least one tertiary amine product having the formula wherein R is a C1-C12 substituent selected from the group consisting of linear aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, and heterocyclic or branched; wherein R '' is a C1-C12 substituent selected from the group consisting of linear aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, and heterocyclic or branched; wherein A is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, cyano, amide, aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic, heterocyclic, alkoxy, aryloxy, hydroxy, alkylamino, dialkylamino, arylamino, diarylamino, haloaryl, fluorinated alkyl, and linear silyl or branched ; wherein A '' is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, amino, amide, aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic, heterocyclic, alkoxy, aryloxy, hydroxy, alkylamino, dialkylamino, arylamino, diarylamino, haloaryl, fluorinated alkyl, and linear silyl or branched; said process comprising contacting at least one primary amine having the general formula H2N it comprises - R '' - A '' (III) wherein R '' is a substituent C1-C12 selected from the group consisting of aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or linear or branched heterocyclic; and wherein A '' is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, amino, amide, aliphatic radicals, cycloaliphatic, aromatic, heterocyclic, alkoxy, aryloxy, hydroxy, alkylamino, dialkylamino, arylamino, diarylamino, haloaryl, fluorinated alkyl, and silyl linear or branched; with at least one nitrile having the general formula A - R - CN (II) wherein R is a C1-C12 substituent selected from the group consisting of linear aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, and heterocyclic or branched; and wherein A is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, cyano, amide, aliphatic radicals, cycloaliphatic, aromatic, heterocyclic, alkoxy, aryloxy, hydroxy, alkylamino, dialkylamino, arylamino, diarylamino, haloaryl, fluorinated alkyl, and linear silyl or branched; with the proviso that when A is H or linear or branched aliphatic, and R is linear or branched aliphatic, said nitrile is a C2-C7 nitrile; in the presence of hydrogen gas and a catalyst at a temperature of 50 to 200 and a pressure of from 689.475 to 10342.135 kPa, and wherein the ratio of nitrile to amine is greater than 1: 1; and wherein the catalyst comprises at least two metal elements; wherein the first metal element is palladium, and the at least one second metal element is selected from iridium, rhodium, platinum and ruthenium.