FLAT SUNNY COLLECTOR FOR WORK IN THE CONDITIONS OF NORTHERN TERRITORIES BASED ON THE HEAT RECEPTION PANEL EXECUTED FROM MATERIALS WITH SPECIAL PROPERTIES

摘要

FIELD: power engineering. ^ SUBSTANCE: solar collector used for heating liquid heat carrier consists of pressure-tight housing with transparent front wall; heat-receiving device for transferring heat to heat carrier, which is made in the form of panel consisting of two elements connected between themselves (at that one of the elements has a developed surface in the form of corrugations, and the other one is flat, or both elements have developed surface in the form of corrugations forming closed-circuit channels connected at inlet and outlet to distributing and collecting channels); selective coating is applied to panel external surface. There is vacuum in the space between transparent protective coating and heat-receiving panel, or the space is filled with argon, or with gases containing luminophores that allow shifting incident radiation spectrum to infrared region; optimum distance between protective coating and heat-receiving panel is b=(35...60) mm, heat-receiving panel is provided with a sufficient number of longitudinal channels n=(30...100) pcs per 1 m2 and consists of external flat element made from transparent material with thickness S0=(0.1...4.0) mm, e.g. solar industrial glass or hardened glass with high degree of conductivity of all spectrum types, including UV-spectrum. Beside glass, it is possible to use plastics, and internal element with developed corrugated surface, which is made from material with thickness S0=(0.1...0.5) mm with good absorbing capacity and thermal conductivity, e.g. stainless steel, ferritic steel, structural steels with corrosion-resistant coating, metal plastics, with selective coating on the surface facing the perceived radiation side. In cross section internal element has periodic profile with flat protrusions meant for assembly, which take turns with channels with parabolic generatrix in order to improve heat absorption. Heat carrier circulates in closed-circuit channels of heat-receiving panel. Heat carrier is luminophore that allows, by shifting incident radiation spectrum, to convert this radiation into infrared one absorbed with internal metal element with developed corrugated surface, which causes heating of internal element. Then internal element by means of thermal conductivity heats the heat carrier the heat whereof is transferred to consumer, where S0 - thickness of internal and external elements, mm; y(x) - parabolic relation describing generatrix of channels, mm; B - channel width, mm; and beta - formation angle, deg. ^ EFFECT: solar collector allows heating the heat carrier up to temperatures of more than 100°C with maximum solar energy use efficiency under conditions of northern territories with bad light intensity and mainly cold radiation spectrum types available (e.g. ultraviolet spectrum) due to using external relief metal element with material structure changed during treatment; therefore, its thermal conductivity is improved. ^ 2 cl, 4 dwg