Plant for superconductive magnetic energy storage, electrolytic water decomposition and generation of current by synthesizing water, comprises a superconducting magnetic energy storage system, a water-electrolyzer and a fuel cell

摘要

The plant for superconductive magnetic energy storage, electrolytic water decomposition and generation of current by synthesizing water, comprises a superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) system consisting of solenoid coils in a cryotank operated with boiling temperature of the liquid hydrogen (LH 2), a water-electrolyzer for producing gaseous water, gaseous hydrogen (GH 2) and gaseous oxygen (GO 2), a fuel cell for producing electricity by hydrogen synthesis, an electrical converter, with which the water-electrolyzer is operatable and the energy from the fuel cell is feedable. The plant for superconductive magnetic energy storage, electrolytic water decomposition and generation of current by synthesizing water, comprises a superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) system consisting of solenoid coils in a cryotank operated with the boiling temperature of the liquid hydrogen (LH 2), a water-electrolyzer for producing gaseous water, gaseous hydrogen (GH 2) and gaseous oxygen (GO 2), a fuel cell for producing electricity by hydrogen synthesis, an electrical converter, with which the water-electrolyzer is operatable and the energy from the fuel cell is feedable and over which the SMES system is demagnetizable or remagnetizable, and a hydrogen-condenser, in which GH 2from the hydrogen-electrolyzer is liquefiable to LH 2. The water-electrolyzer and the fuel cell form an individual building group concerning hydrogen-electrode and oxygen-electrode and are operated by water-electrolysis or water-synthesis process, or are separately operable building groups with the hydrogen-electrode and the oxygen-electrode. The plant has a GH 2-piping from the hydrogen-electrode to the hydrogen-condenser with GH 2-withdrawal, a GO 2-piping from the oxygen-electrode to the oxygen-electrode of the fuel cell with GO 2-withdrawal, and a LH 2-piping of the hydrogen-condenser for a LH 2-inlet to one-chamber LH 2-tank and the LH 2-return pipe from the LH 2-piping to the hydrogen-condenser fitted in the cryotank surrounding the SMES system. The LH 2-inlet flows into a first LH 2chamber directly surrounding the SMES system. A discharge line is led out from the cryotank in the one-chamber LH 2tank by the LH 2return pipe. An overflow pipe in the LH 2chamber is passed into the multi-chamber LH 2-tank. The LH 2-discharge line is led out from the last LH 2-chamber. An oxygen-condenser is implemented into the GO 2-inlet from the electrolyzer to the oxygen consuming electrode of the fuel cell. A liquid oxygen (LO 2) condenser from the oxygen-condenser is placed to one-chamber LO 2-tank, which surrounds the LH 2-tank. The LO 2-piping is placed with the LH 2-piping. A LO 2-cross-flowable pipeline from the oxygen-condenser passes through the hydrogen-condenser. A water-supply line from a water-tank, which acts as buffer and is connectable to a water-network, is passed to the electrolyzer, and a water-discharge line is passed to the water-tank. The coil axes of the solenoid coils lie on a common axis. The solenoid coils are similar and placed on a circle in a common plane in bleach-distributed manner. The middle planes of the solenoid coils are electrically connected with one another in row in normally conducting manner or superconducting manner. A further solenoid coil with its middle plane lies in the common plane and is placed in the center of the circle. The hydrogen-condenser has a magneto-caloric cooling stage operated in the magnetic field of the SMES system. The magneto-caloric cooling stage consists of a cross-flowable heating device, which consists of magnetic materials, and a disk-shaped rotor, on which the heating device is mounted, so that the magnetic materials are rotatable on a circular path from weak into strong magnetic field region of the SMES system or from strong into weak magnetic field region of the SMES system. The magnetic materials increase the respective Curie temperature from the cold end to the hot end of the heating device. The Curie temperature lies between the boiling temperature of the LO 2and the LH 2. The magnetic materials pass through a magneto-caloric cyclic process around its Curie-temperature. A disk-shaped direct current motor is used for electrically driving magneto-caloric cooling stage. The rotor consists of radially arranged conductor segments, by which a current from a power source is supplied over a first sliding contact arranged radially on the outside and is discharged over a second sliding contact arranged radially on the inner-side. A stator consists of equal number of radially arranged conductor segments, by which a current from the rotor is supplied over the second sliding contact and is led back to the power source. Magnetic field produced from the magnets of the SMES system penetrates the plane of the disk-shaped rotor and the disk-shaped stator. The rotor is drivable by the magnets. The electrolyte for the electrolyzer and for the fuel cell is an aqueous alkali-solution. The electrolyzer is close to the SMES system, so that the magnetic field (B) produced in the SMES system penetrates the two electrolysis electrodes. A force per length of F e I ex B in the electrolytes exists in interaction with the transport current (I e) in the electrolyzer. The force in the electrolytes impels micro-currents in the electrolytes. The micro-currents support the evacuation of GH 2and GO 2. The fuel cell is close to the SMES system, so that the magnetic field (B) produced in the SMES system penetrates the two synthesis electrodes. A force per length of F b I bx B in the fuel cell exists in interaction with the transport current (I b) in the fuel cell. The force in the fuel cell impels micro-currents in the electrolytes. The micro-currents support the transportation of GH 2and GO 2.