A bidirectional regenerative cooling combustion chamber for a liquid rocket engine is provided to reduce the outermost diameter of an engine by positioning a fuel inlet pipe between the one end and head of a nozzle so that fuel bidirectionally flows in case two or more combustor are assembled. A bidirectional regenerative cooling combustion chamber(200) for a liquid rocket engine comprises: a fuel inlet pipe(110) being formed so that fuel flows into one side; a fuel ring which uniformly supplies the fuel flowed through the fuel inlet pipe to a cooling channel; an orifice inducing the supplied fuel to a head direction cooling channel or a nozzle direction cooling channel; and a return cooling channel inducing the fuel, supplied to the nozzle direction cooling channel, to the head direction in the end of the nozzle.
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