1. A highly economical method of operation of an internal combustion engine, which consists in the fact that it is carried out in a supercharged or naturally aspirated four-stroke or two-stroke engine, each of which operates in a cycle that includes an adiabatic process of air compression in the engine cylinder, at the end of which the fuel , injected into the cylinder through the nozzle, spontaneously ignites, and the fuel combustion process occurs first at a constant volume - along the isochore, and then the rest of the fuel as it enters the cylinder from the nozzle into the cylinder burns out at a constant pressure - isobar, then the working stroke is carried out with adiabatic expansion of products combustion, after which heat is removed into the environment according to isochore corresponding in four-stroke engines to exhaust gases and intake of atmospheric air or corresponding to exhaust and blowing of the cylinder in two-stroke engines, characterized in that to achieve highly economical operation of a four-stroke or two-stroke In the engine, the adiabatic process of air compression begins with a delay in relation to the beginning of the piston movement in the compression stroke, for this purpose, in the section from the beginning of the piston movement in the compression stroke to the beginning of the adiabatic compression process, air bypass from the engine cylinder beyond its limits along the isobar - isotherm, when the pressure and the temperature of the air inside the engine cylinder at the specified section of the piston movement remains unchanged, and the compression ratio due to the presence of the above air bypass from the engine cylinder is less than the total expansion ratio in the processes of isobaric combustion of fuel and ad�
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