The payload of a satellite (4) capable of receiving AIS signals comprises a first transmission chain (100) comprising a network (102) of receiving antennas (An, An, An, An, An) each connected respectively in series to a receiver (RX, RX, RX, RX, RX) without demodulator and followed by an analog / digital converter (CAN, CAN, CAN, CAN, CAN), the AIS output signals received at the same time by the receiving antennas and digitized respectively by the analog / digital converters being independently saved in a mass memory (110) before being retransmitted to the ground for a beam forming network type processing. The payload comprises a second transmission chain (116) able to demodulate each received burst into useful monitoring data and to retransmit said useful data to the ground.
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