Tube bundle reactor comprises: a bundle of vertically arranged reaction tubes, an upper and a lower tube sheet tightly connected to the upper and lower ends of the reaction tubes and lead through the reaction tubes in gas supply- and gas discharge devices; and a reactor shell enclosing tube bundle; at least one deflecting plate; a reverse opening (5) for releasing heat transfer medium, so that transfer medium flows in meander-form through tube bundle in the longitudinal direction, and bypass openings arranged in at least one deflecting plate in its piping region; and an adjusting device. Tube bundle reactor comprises: a bundle of vertically arranged reaction tubes, an upper and a lower tube sheet tightly connected to the upper and lower ends of the reaction tubes and lead through the reaction tubes in gas supply- and gas discharge devices; and a reactor shell enclosing the tube bundle, which is connected pressure tightly to the tube sheets, and together with the tube sheets, the reactor shell forms a pressure chamber (18), in which the reaction tubes are washed in the operation of a heat transfer medium (8); at least one deflecting plate, which extends across through the tube bundle and imposes a cross-flow to the heat transfer medium; a reverse opening (5) for releasing the heat transfer medium, so that the transfer medium flows in meander-form through the tube bundle in the longitudinal direction, and bypass openings arranged in at least one deflecting plate in its piping region; and an adjusting device (4) for adjusting the flow resistance in the reverse opening or at least one part of the bypass openings, where the adjusting device of a first position, in which the flow resistance allows a meander-form reverse of the flow direction of a partial flow quantity of heat transfer medium and is movable in at least one second position, where the flow resistance is increased, such that the partial flow quantity is reduced, or at least one tube-free region is formed in the pressure chamber, and at least one steam outlet opening is formed in a first deflecting plate in the tube-free region outside the reverse opening. The second deflecting plate in the tube-free region outside the reversal opening is substantially closed, and the adjusting device is formed for each steam outlet opening. The adjusting device is movable between a closed position in which it closes the steam outlet opening, and an open position in which it releases the steam outlet opening. An independent claim is also included for tempering the tube bundle reactor by the tempering gases, comprising (a) providing a tempering device, (b) shifting the tempering device into the heat transfer circuit, (c) filling the heat transfer circuit with the tempering gas (132) with a predetermined pressure, and (d) circulating the tempering gas.
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