The invention relates to a passive electromagnetic wave reflector for measuring, from a satellite, local deformation of a structure located on the surface of the Earth, characterized in that it comprises a planar element (P1). substantially vertical relative to the surface of the Earth, the planar element having a rectilinear side (a1) in contact with the structure whose deformation is to be measured and aligned along the axis of the poles of the Earth, and, fixed to the planar member, a mechanical structure (P2, P3) having a first portion on a first side of the planar member and a second portion on a second side of the planar member opposite the first side, the mechanical structure forming a rectilinear edge (a3, a3) which, in combination with the rectilinear side of the planar element, constitutes means for holding the reflector on the structure whose deformation is to be measured.
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