SINGLE AND MULTI-NEEDLE ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC (EMG) RECORDING ELECTRODE CONFIGURATIONS FOR INTRAOPERATIVE NERVE INTEGRITY MONITORING

摘要

An electromyographic recording electrode assembly for intraoperative nerve integrity monitoring includes cables enabled for connection to a nerve integrity monitor; an electrode hub connected to the one or more cables; and a needle electrode connected to the electrode hub. The needle electrode extends perpendicularly from an undersurface of the hub, and along a line of insertion into a patient. The needle electrode extends from the electrode hub to a first bend in a first direction, and extends from the first bend in a second direction to an end of the electrode, defining a proximal needle segment from the hub to the first bend, and a terminal needle segment from the first bend to the end of the electrode. The terminal needle segment and at least a portion of the proximal needle segment are insertable into a patient along the line of insertion.