Rod tensioning device (2) comprising an actuator (6) adapted to provide a tensioning axial force F, a tie-rod (7) capable of transmitting the axial force from the actuator (6) towards the threaded portion (1b) of a rod (1), and a locking element (42). Said tie-rod (7) comprises a plurality of jaws (27) which can move radially between a closed position, in which the tie-rod (7) is engaged with the threaded portion (1b) of the rod (1), and an opened position, in which the jaws (27) are disengaged from the threaded portion (1b) of the rod (1), and said locking element (42) comprises a sleeve (43), sliding axially around the jaws (27); said sleeve (43) comprising an internal frustoconical surface (45) in contact with an external mating surface of the jaws (27).
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