The invention relates to a device and a method for monitoring the quality of an aquatic environment by analyzing the fish behaviour revealed by the dynamics of the positions thereof in a pool, the positions being determined by means of ultrasounds. The device claimed by the invention consists of a unit (1) controlling a network of ultrasound sensors (2) which is mounted in a pool (3) containing fish, said pool being provided with means (21, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35) known per se, which ensure optimal life conditions, the positions of the fish in the pool, determined by means of the ultrasound sensors (2) are acquired by the control unit (1) at optimal time intervals and are transmitted to a computer (5) which analyzes the acquired signals. The monitoring method claimed by the invention consists in determining, at each moment, the fish positions in a pool, by means of a network of sensors controlled by a control unit which transmits the positions to a computer where there are determined some relevant parameters such as, for example: center of mass corresponding to the fish positions or the variation of the centre of mass which is modified depending on the water quality in the pool.
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