Method for nanocomposites thermoplastics together by exfoliation of layered mineral particles into a polymeric matrix and nanocomposites obtained

摘要

A method for obtaining compounds nanocomposites by a thermoplastic polymer matrix inorganic ynanocargas dispersed in said matrix, resulting these nanofillers of deaglomerados exfoliation compounds inorganic particle sheet stacked in the polymer matrix start unestado termoviscoso, the method comprising: (a) using a composition to exfoliate, comprising at least one thermoplastic polymer compound paraformar the polymer matrix, inorganic particles made from inorganic stacked sheet-aexfoliar, previously treated by an ionic organic agent to convert these lamellar partículasinorgánicas in organophilic and potentially at least one compatibilizer for lamatriz back polymer and the sheet treated inorganic particles exfoliate in compatible; (B) forming a viscoelastic mixture kneading and heating the composition to exfoliate putting estadoviscoso polymeric compounds present in said composition at a temperature at least equal wing use temperature of the more viscous polymer compound, and simultaneously kneading loscompuestos polymer with the inorganic particles lamellar exfoliate treated; (C) subjecting the viscoelastic mixture containing the inorganic particles treated stacked lamellar aexfoliar to thermomechanical working in the viscous state and comprising compression significant shear; (E) removing the volatiles generated by thermomechanical working of the viscoelastic mixture; (F) transforming the degassed mixture into a viscoelastic industrially usable material; caracterizadopor that, for a complete exfoliation of the inorganic particles lamellar treated and unadispersión controlled elementary inorganic particles lamellar nanometric resulting laexfoliación of the viscoelastic mixture, (d) the viscoelastic mixture that comes from termomecánicode work compression and shear of step ( c) is subjected to mechanical kneading relaxation with mild, low shear rate, before being transformed into industrially usable material.