The present invention relates to a process for the delignification and bleaching paper pulp, comprising at least one step of contacting of the paper pulp with hydrogen peroxide and a complex based on molybdenum of formula (i): in which r represents an unsaturated cycloalkyl group in the c5 - c6 or a group heterocycloalkyl c5 c6 - unsaturated, substituted or not, and ar represents an aryl group, possibly with one or several substitution (s) on the cycle (s) (s) aromatic compound (s) by one or the group (s) - alkyl, c1 - c4 linear or branched, - halogen, no2 -, -, - cooh.
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