Aluminothermic reduction of potassium fluotitanate to form sponge titanium

摘要

Three methods of obtaining sponge titanium from potassium fluotitanate involve reacting a mixture of aluminium and at least one of zinc and/or magnesium with potassium fluotitanate to form sponge titanium and by-products and then distilling in a vacuum to remove the by-products. In the first method aluminium and zinc are mixed in a vacuum in a mass ratio between 1:2 and 1:10. KF, AlF3 and Zn are removed by distillation. In the second method aluminium and magnesium are mixed under a vacuum argon introduction condition in a mass ratio between 1:1 and 1:10. KF, AlF3, MgF2 and Mg are removed by distillation. In the third method aluminium, zinc and magnesium are mixed under a vacuum argon introduction condition in a mass ratio between 2:8:0.1 and 1:4:1. KF, AlF3, MgF2, Mg and Zn are removed by distillation. Reaction temperature for the first and third methods is 800 0C and 750 0C for the second method. Distillation temperature for the first method is 1000 0C and 1100 0C for the second and third methods. After distillation the sponge titanium is cooled at a rate of 1 0C/min for 10 hours.