PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an earthquake strengthening structure of a building with excellent bearing force and an earthquake-resistant design method of the same on the basis of a proper design strength.SOLUTION: An earthquake strengthening structure of a building consists of a concrete structural material 10 of the building and a concrete strengthening body 12 which are joined together by fixing by concrete between the structural material 10 and the strengthening body 12 and fixing by an anchor bar 14. A resistance force generated by a tensile strength acting on the anchor bar as a reaction force when a strengthening body side part overrides unevenness on a fracture surface on a structural material side due to a minute dislocation deformation near a joining interface is designed as a bearing force, so that the bearing force is exhibited in a minute deformation area by the resistance force.
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