ELECTRO-OPTICAL MODULATOR HAVING HIGH EXTINCTION RATIO WHEN FUNCTIONING AS SWITCH

摘要

An electro-optic modulator includes a substrate, an end-to-end Y-shaped waveguide for optical divergence and convergence, and electrodes. The waveguide is formed in the substrate and the electrodes are formed to substantially sandwich the waveguide in the substrate and voltages applied to the electrodes act to modulate first and second sections of the waveguide such that the optical outputs by the first and second sections are equal or opposite to each other in all necessary respects regarding phase and amplitude, and an improved extinction ratio thus obtained.