'SYNTHESIS OF SILVER SALT OF VARIOUS SULFONAMIDES AND FATTY ACIDS AND ITS FORMULATION INTO THE NANOPARTICULATE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM'

摘要

Bums are amongst the most serious and painful of all injuries. Most of the deaths in burnt patients are due to infections caused. Burn wound infection is problematic because it delays healing and results into bacteremia and sepsis. Bacterias like Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsillea species and some of fungi like Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus are the most common pathogens which lead to sepsis formation. Number of antibiotics like polymyxin B, nitrofurazone, neosporin, mafenide acetate, etc. And silver containing agents including silver nitrate, silver sulfadiazine are used in treatment of burn infection. Major problem with topical silver agent lies in their inability to penetrate deeply into the tissue and the low level of silver release into the target area. Nanotechnology is gaining tremendous impetus in the present century due to its capability of modulating metal into their nanosize which drastically changes the chemical, physical and optical properties of metals. Metallic silver in the form of silver nanoparticles has remarkable comeback as a potential antimicrobial agent. Silver is an effective antimicrobial agents with low toxicity which is important in treatment of burn wound where transient bacteremia is prevalent and its fast control is essential. The use of silver Sulfadiazine in combination with silver salt of fatty acid and combination of silver sulfadiazine with silver nanoparticles solves these problems. The formulation shows excellent photostability and displayed superior antibacterial action. The formulated cream of silver sulfadiazine and silver salt of fatty acid shows potent antimicrobial action and used in treatment of burn wound. The formulated creams of silver sulfadiazine: silver oleate: silver stearate (0.5%+0.25%+0.25%), silver sulfadiazine: silver oleate (0.5% + 0.5%) and silver sulfadiazine: silver stearates (0.5% + 0.5%) are more potent and show effective antimicrobial action with good wound healing properties. The silver oleate shows good penetration as compared to silver stearate. The silver nanoparticle cream (5μg/ml silver nanoparticles + 0.5 % SSD) is more potent and shows good wound healing within short period of time on rat without any side effect and the cream is stable for longer period of time. Silver nanoparticle cream is more potent as compare to silver sulfadiazine and oleate. The results clearly indicate that silver nanoparticles could provide a safer alternative to conventional antimicrobial agents in the form of topical antimicrobial agents. Evaluation of healing of burn wound is done on rat model. Results confirmed that these combinations exhibit a significant increase in permeability and healing rate as compared to silver sulfadiazine alone. The formulated cream shows broad spectrum of activity, efficacy.