The present invention provides a hybrid catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis, formed by hydrothermally synthesizing zeolites on a porous cobalt oxide-supported scaffold, wherein the zeolite/cobalt oxide-supported porous scaffold (weight ratio) = 0.25 to 0.5. The present invention also provides a method for preparing the hybrid catalyst. Further, the present invention provides a method for producing middle distillates directly from synthesis gas using the hybrid catalyst for FT synthesis according to the present invention. With the hybrid catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction according to the present invention, middle distillates can be directly produced from synthesis gas without a cracking process or an upgrading process, and CH4 can be selectively maintained at a low level and the selectivity and yield of the middle distillates can be increased.
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