The present invention relates to an adaptive deep brain simulation system that analyzes a neural firing signal so as to set a stimulation parameter applicable thereto and to continuously stimulate the deep brain. The system uses an adaptive feedback algorithm comprising: (a) a neural firing signal detecting step of renewing two buffers that stores currently measured data and existing measured data for neural firing signals, respectively and detecting neural firing signals from the current data and existing data; a neural firing rate calculating step of calculating an existing neural firing rate and a current neural firing rate by using the detected neural firing signals; and (c) a stimulation parameter adjusting step of analyzing the changes in the neural firing rate periodically and adjusting a stimulation parameter thereby. The adaptive deep brain simulation system of the present invention can actively control a stimulation parameter for a symptom of a patient and can remarkably alleviate the symptom of the patient better than existing methods. [Reference numerals] (AA) Adaptive feedback deep brain stimulation algorithm; (BB) Start; (CC) Initiate a short-term stimulation parameter and calculate an initial firing rate; (DD) Generate stimulation waves for a set parameter; (EE) Set a stimulation time (T) randomly (several minutes to several hours); (FF) Stimulate for T hours; (GG) Calculate a firing rate for a period of time; (HH) Change the short-term stimulation parameter by the changes in the firing rate; (II) Calculate an average firing rate for N times; (JJ) Change the stimulation parameter initial value by the changes in the average firing rate; (KK) Repeat N times
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