TECHNOLOGY OF RESOURCE ASSESSMENT OF RANGELANDS OF REINDEER ON MULTISPECTRAL SATELLITE DATA

摘要

FIELD: agriculture.;SUBSTANCE: based on multispectral satellite images obtained from public sources, preliminary geobothanical mapping is carried out with creation of maps of stock of separate groups of vegetable feeds of deer farms. The archival satellite images are collected and analysed to identify climatogenic and weather effects on vegetation in the considered years or series of years. The field studies of the territory are carried out on the model sites allocated in the process of preliminary geobotanic mapping. The said field studies include description of the flora and selection of the dominant classes of vegetation, soil within natural and disturbed communities of rangelands of the territory under area, aerial visual interpretation of landscape units and geobotanic borders in course of helicopter routes, identifying disturbed areas and successionally changing phytocenoses. The accuracy of classification is evaluated, made in the process of geo-botanical mapping, comparing it with the materials of the field studies. A single topographic basis for plan-mapping materials, archival data and the results of geobotanical mapping and fieldwork is created. The single topographic base is created in the form of separate vector layers and raster maps based on the hydrographic network, topographic contours, height (digital model of the relief), production facilities and infrastructure. Then these materials are integrated into a single geographic information system and produce a polygonal structure of economic and geobotanical contours of the rangelands of deer farms. The final phased classification of vegetation in program packages is carried out with raster satellite image processing. The geobotanic mapping of the territories of rangelands of deer farms is carried out while making an assessment of matrix of the data convergence between the selected vegetation classes based on satellite images materials and field research data. As a result of the above, the updated geobotanic maps with the estimated statistically significant level of convergence are obtained. Then the projective coverage of selected plant communities within the individual household geobotanic contours of rangelands of deer farms is calculated. The quantitative characteristics of the stock of feed units selected from the group are evaluated: lichenous and green shrubby feed, green herbal feed, using the decomposition method of spectral mixtures. This is based on the fact that the proportion of feed units is taken in proportion to their area in the projection on the Earth's surface. Assessment of individual parts of feed units is carried out. The spatially organised database is created, comprising polygonal structures of economic-geobotanic contours of rangelands of deer farms and attribute data connected with them through the personal identifier on the area of individual classes of vegetation inside the areas of deer farms, water surfaces, open grounds, soils of the disturbed areas, on average stock of feed units of the areas of deer farms. The economic maps of stock of feed units of deer farms are created and the project of development of rangelands of deer farms is formed.;EFFECT: improved accuracy and operational efficiency of resource assessment of the rangelands of reindeers.;5 dwg