A retinoscope for detecting eye ametropia and astigmatism axes is disclosed in the invention, which comprises an illuminating and imaging system comprising an illumination light source 1, a projecting mirror 4 and a half transparent and half reflecting mirror 5 arranged sequentially along the direction of propagation of the illumination light, the respective optical axes O,O1 of the projecting mirror 4 and half transparent and half reflecting mirror 5 are collinear with each other, and the reflecting plane of the half transparent and half reflecting mirror 5 is at an angle of 45° relative to the illumination optical axis O,O1, wherein a condensing lens column 2 and a retinoscopy diaphragm 3 are disposed sequentially along the illumination optical axis O,O1, between the illumination light source 1 and the projecting mirror 4, the optical axis of the condensing lens column 2 is coincident with the illumination optical axis O,O1, and the plane of the retinoscopy diaphragm 3 is perpendicular to the illumination optical axis O,O1. The light energy can be utilized effectively in the retinoscope of the invention by arranging a condensing lens column 2 between the illumination light source 1 and the retinoscopy diaphragm 3, and the imaging of the strip light or spot light from the retinoscopy diaphragm 3 has more clear and uniform boundary. Furthermore, the retinoscope with such illumination and imaging system has compact configuration. Additionally, better color vision can be achieved if a colored light source is utilized, such as a red or green light source, thus, the imaging can be distinguished more easily by a user.
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