SYSTEM FOR DYNAMIC CONTROL OF SUPERCAPACITORS WITH OPTIMISATION OF CHARGING AND DISCHARGING

摘要

The invention relates to a dynamic control system for optimising the time during which a series of supercapacitor modules is capable of supplying a predetermined amount of energy. For said purpose, dynamic management of the charging and discharging of said modules is performed. The two processes, although controlled from a single device, must be separate, such that the same supercapacitor modules are not always being charged and discharged at the same time. Thus, there are always modules being charged, and the available discharging time is extended. On the other hand, while discharging takes place with constant current, charging takes place with constant power. In this way, the known property that supercapacitors charge faster with constant power than with constant current is used. One of the most interesting results is that the system can supply much higher output powers than the charging power, during the relatively long time that the system has optimised. Therefore, said system turns into an effective peak power absorber. Said use is known, but unlike with a single supercapacitor, the present invention does so for a long time. The uses are obvious: absorbing consumption power peaks makes it possible to reduce, for example, the contracted power in a dwelling, or the photovoltaic or wind power of a self-consumption system, whether injected into the mains or isolated. The system is also interesting for use in electric vehicles with photovoltaic modules, being able to reduce the required power of the batteries, and thus the size thereof, in addition to extending the service life thereof. Lifts, which require high power peaks during certain periods of time, are another obvious use.