The present invention relates to a poly vanillin oxalate (PVO) copolymer, a PVO microsphere including the PVO copolymer, a drug delivery system including the PVO microsphere, a composition for anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, and suppression of the metastasis of cancer cells, and a composition for preventing or treating ischemic diseases. The PVO microsphere, according to the present invention, is nontoxic and has excellent biocompatibility, has anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects by sensitively reacting to hydrogen peroxide and low pHs which are physiological conditions exhibited in inflammatory tissues and cells and discharging vanillin, has suppression activity for the metastasis of cancer cells, and has an excellent treatment effect for ischemic diseases, and thus can be used in various medical fields
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