According to an embodiment of the present invention, a device for optimizing a topological shape of a nonlinear structure using an artificial bee colony algorithm comprises: a finite element modeling portion for defining a design area for the nonlinear structure, conducting a finite element modeling for the design area, and dualizing the design area into an element where an employed bee, which is a structure element, is located and an element where an employed bee, which is not the structure element, is not located; a candidate sun selection portion for conducting a finite element interpretation based on a load condition and a boundary condition applied to the nonlinear structure, defining a boundary element in both directions of the element where the employed bee, which is the structure element, is located and the element where the employed bee, which is not the structure element, is not located on the basis of a boundary line, and selecting the location of temporary candidate sun for searching candidate sun based on the boundary element; and an optimized sun determination portion for conducting the finite element interpretation for the searched candidate sun in accordance with the location selection of the temporary candidate sun, and determining the candidate sun as optimized sun if an objective function of the nonlinear structure in accordance with the candidate sun satisfies conditional convergence.
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