liquid crystal device includes a first polarization grating 101, the second polarization grating (102 ), and a liquid crystal layer 103. A first polarization grating (101) is configured to diffract the polarization of the incident light 190 in a first and a second beam having a different polarization and a different propagation direction and the direction of the incident light 190 (195, 196). The liquid crystal layer 103 is configured to receive the first and second beams (195, 196) coming from the first polarization grating 101. A liquid crystal layer 103 is the first to pass through the liquid crystal layer 103, the first and the second beam passing through a first state substantially do not affect each of the polarized light in the (195, 196) and the liquid crystal layer 103 and it is configured to switch between a first state of changing the polarization of each of the second beams (195, 196). A second polarization grating 102 to change different from the direction of the first and second beams (195, 196) to an analyzer and diffracted by the beam coming from the liquid crystal layer 103 in response to the state of the liquid crystal layer 103 It is configured. Related devices are also discussed. ;
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