METHOD FOR EXTRACTION OF METALS, NOBLE METALS AND RARE-EARTH METALS FROM WASTE

摘要

1. A method of extracting metals, noble metals and rare earth metals from waste, characterized in that the waste and carbon-containing materials (A) in a gas generator (2) of a direct process with a moving bed of bulk material, which has a zone (13) recovery and a zone (7) oxidation, in the presence of alkaline substances under reducing general conditions with a total lambda value of less than 1, they are oxidized with oxygen-containing gases (11), that the resulting synthesis gas is removed in the upper part (16) of the direct process gasifier, and metals, noble metals and rare earth metals in in the form of oxides and / or in elemental form, at least partially bound with alkaline substances, and they are obtained from the technological process by means of physical separation methods in the form of an enriched mixture (B). 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the carbonaceous material (A) and the waste are electronic waste and / or whole electronic devices that have been in use. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that cable residues and / or other metal-containing powders or solids are also dosed to the carbon-containing material (A) and waste in order to further increase the utilized proportion of metal in the bulk material. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the metal-containing powders or solids are ash from combustion processes or also oil shale or other naturally occurring carbon-containing materials that contain metals. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that metal oxides, metal carbonates, hydroxy are used as alkaline substances.