The sparse 3D-multi-scale grid turbulence generator (10) includes a set of turbulence generator elements (100a, 100b, 100c, 100d), each having a set of fluid flow passages (101a, 101b, 101c, 101d) defined therethrough. Each successive one of the turbulence generator elements (100a, 100b, 100c, 100d) increases in number and decreases in scale of its respective set of fluid flow passages (101a, 101b, 101c, 101d) with respect to the previous one of the turbulence generator elements (100a, 100b, 100c, 100d) in a substantially multi-scale pattern. The set of turbulence generator elements (100a, 100b, 100c, 100d) is positioned within a fluid flow conduit, and each of the turbulence generator elements (100a, 100b, 100c, 100d) is spaced apart from adjacent ones of the turbulence generator elements (100a, 100b, 100c, 100d) in a multi-planar arrangement such that the turbulence generation in fluid flow optimizes some turbulence property and/or its effects with an improved effective grid blockage ratio. The turbulence generator elements (100a, 100b, 100c, 100d) are selectively positionally adjustable for active control of turbulence in response to varying conditions.
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