System and method for generating 3D images of non-linearities in rock formations using surface earthquakes and / or earthquakes from the surface to the borehole, or both

摘要

A system and method for determining a characteristic of a medium from nonlinear interaction includes generating first and second acoustic waves by first and second acoustic sources provided on a surface of the medium on a first line. The first acoustic source and the second acoustic source can be controlled so that the curves of the first and second acoustic waves intersect in the mixed region in the medium. The method further includes a non-linear mixing process of the first acoustic wave and the second acoustic wave in the mixing region by a receiver located on a plane including the first acoustic source and the second acoustic source. Receiving a generated third acoustic wave; and a first two-dimensional image of a nonlinear characteristic of the medium on a first surface that is substantially perpendicular to the surface and includes the first line, or of the medium Generating a first ratio between compression rate and shear rate, or both, based on the received third acoustic wave.