INDUSTRIAL PROCESS USING METAL FURNACE WITH FORCED EXHAUSTION AND MECHANISMS DEVELOPED FOR CONCURRENT PRODUCTION OF COAL, FUEL GAS, PYROLIGNEOUS EXTRACT AND TAR

摘要

The present invention patent relates to a process and a furnace developed for producing plant coal with recovery of the gases, tar and pyroligneous extract. The unitary system is comprised of a metal furnace, a loading platform, a carbonization platform, and an unloading platform. For continuous generation of gases, the process operates with multiple carbonization platforms and one or more furnaces per carbonization platform. The furnace has air inlets in strategic lateral positions and a mechanism for alleviating pressure. The carbonization system is comprised of an exhaust, special ducts for conducting the gases, and also devices for recovering condensable products. The gases generated in the process are directed to a burner, a gasifier or directly to a boiler to generate heat and/or electrical energy. Said technology exclusively provides a gravimetric yield of fuel gas of over 60% and plant coal productivity of over 800 kg/h, such that each operation cycle of the furnace lasts less than 5 hours. The coal is unloaded hot following carbonization, and loaded with wood billets, immediately after unloading. Said process combines technical, economical, operational and environmentally viable solutions.