The present invention relates to a method for preparing a macro/micro dual porous structure-type three-dimensional porous support, comprising the steps of: pouring, into a cylindrical mold, a precursor material constituting a porous body, a dispersant and a freezing medium, freeze casting the same at or below the freezing point of the freezing medium, and then extruding the same; layering a fiber, to be extruded in the prior step, into a desired shape through a 3D robot; and pressurizing the layered product at a specific temperature, and then removing the freezing medium by freeze-drying the same. A three-dimensional porous support prepared by the preparation method according to the present invention has excellent inner connecting pores and has a dual porous structure of a micropore and a macropore, and the pore size can be controlled by using a remelting phenomenon of a freezing medium. In addition, a complex structure can be directly prepared by using a 3D robot instead of a conventional method of indirectly preparing a complex structure by using a mold.
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