An engine compartment ventilation structure is provided with a radiator (32) disposed within an engine compartment (1) at the front of a vehicle, the engine compartment (1) having an air inlet (7) and an air outlet (8a, 8b), the radiator (32) exchanging heat between engine coolant and air which flows in from the air inlet; a fan (33, 35) disposed within the engine compartment at a position behind the radiator with respect to the vehicle and forming an air flow which flows through the radiator; and a switching device (40, 41, 51) disposed within the engine compartment and switching between a first air flow which is the flow of air generated during the operation of the fan such that the air flows into the engine compartment from the air inlet, flows through the radiator, and flows out of the engine compartment from the air outlet, and a second air flow which is the flow of air generated during the stop of the fan such that the air flows into the engine compartment from the air inlet, bypasses the radiator, and flows out of the engine compartment from the air outlet.
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