Methods to monitor the formation of rock - reservoir of high resistivity below one or more less resistive formations and a training ground oil

摘要

Methods for monitoring a formation of rock - reservoir of high resistivity below one or more less resistive formations and formation oil underground ".Method for monitoring of a high resistivity of formation of rock - reservoir (2) below one or more less resistive formations (3), which comprises the following steps: transmit a signal eletromAgnu00e9tico (s) which is provided with a bottom of the sea, or the surface of the earth (1) by means of an electromagnetic transmitter (5) energized by a generator of voltage signal (g).The electromagnetic signal (s) propagates from the bottom of the sea (1), and is guided along a column conductor (7) until the formation of a high resistivity (2) and propagates as an electromagnetic signalThe guided wave (s ~ (2 ~) to a relatively higher speed (V ~ 2 ~) inside the high resistivity formation (2) than a propagation velocity (V ~ 3 ~) in less resistive formations (3).The electromagnetic guided wave signal (S2) gives rise to an electromagnetic signal which refracts to the top (R3) which has a relatively lower propagation velocity (V ~ 3 ~ in less re formations)Sistivas (3) and that has an exit angle of next to normal n to the interface between the formation of high resistivity (2) and the formation of low resistivity (3) and gives rise to a wavefrontRefraction that grows way inclined (F ~ 3 ~).The front of the electromagnetic wave petrographic (F ~ 3 ~) which includes electromagnetic signals refratados (R3) is detected over a sensing antenna system (6a, 6b, 6C...6k,...6N) along the bottom of the sea, the system having a direction away from the transmitter (5).In a preferred configuration of the invention the electromagnetic transmitter (5) comprises an antenna (50) which transmits the electromagnetic signal (s) to an upper end (70 U) of a column.Electrically conductive (7), for example, a steel jacket or shirt, the upper end (70 U) being fixed to said bottom of the sea (1).